Cancer A Common Disease - 1135 Words

Today all around the world cancer is increasingly a more common disease that has affected many and affecting more each day. Cancer takes the lives of almost ten millions each year. Cancer is a disease that is caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells that divide exponentially. It has the ability to spread to different parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. Cancer has become such a common disease that it can be inherited by genetics, but it can also be contracted by poor dieting, tobacco use, expulsion to UV rays, and X-Rays, and also environmental carcinogens. With every disease come many forms of signs and symptoms. Symptoms of cancers vary from women and men, but unexplained weight loss, fever, usually fatigues, skin changes, change of bowel habits, and sores that do not heals are some of many symptoms of cancer. Seeking cancer treatment may be a life or death decision. There are many ways to treat cancer or reduce the chance of death. Cancer is highly tr eatable; two best options treating cancer are typically surgery and chemotherapy. Cancer is mainly known as a large group of unregulated cell growth. Cancerous cells can form, divide, and grow uncontrollably throughout the body, which forms tumors that could become progressively worse by time. There are two types of tumors linked to cancer also known as malignant and benign tumors. Malignant tumors invade the nearby parts of the body, and may also spread to more distant parts of the body throughShow MoreRelatedBreast Cancer : A Common Disease1910 Words   |  8 PagesCancer is a common disease in today’s society, more specifically breast cancer. We see people with little pink ribbons or a dedicated shirts to it on the street, stickers on cars, we even have a whole month dedicated to raise awareness about it, but what really is breast cancer? How long has it been around? How does it affect its victim? Breast cancer is not a modern discovery and has been documented since ancient times, in almost every period of history. Unlike internal cancers, breast cancer isRead MoreLung Cancer : A Common Malignant Disease794 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Lung cancer is a very common malignant disease around the world, which is mainly caused by long-term exposure to tobacco smoke (85% of all cases). [1] It is reported by WHO that, globally in 2012, 1.8 million people suffered from lung cancer, and 1.6 million patients died of lung cancer. [2] In cancer-related death all around the world, lung cancer ranks the top in men and second in women, only after breast cancer. [3] Statistically, 17.4% of lung cancer patients in the United StatesRead MoreCancer : The Common Forms Of Disease Worldwide982 Words   |  4 PagesCancer is one of the most common forms of disease worldwide; approximately 25 percent of deaths within the United States are related to cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers within men, while breast cancer is commonly diagnosed within women. The most common cancers observed in both men and women include pancreatic, and lung and bronchus cancers.1 Once a person has been diagnosed with cancer, the person may be advised to generally undergo the following treatmentRead MoreLung Cancer Is One Of Many Common Diseases. About Two And2088 Words   |  9 PagesLung cancer is one of many common diseases. About two and twenty thousand cases of lung cancer, affecting men and women, were predicted for the year twenty seventeen. This statistic was estimated by the american cancer society. Of these people, about one hundred and fifty six thousand will not survive.There are many symptoms, as well as advanced stage symptoms that people should be aware of. Many of the signs of lung cancer, are simple things some people may not even notice, such as: coughing, exhaustionRead MoreA Short Note On Lymphoma, A Cancer1021 Words   |  5 PagesLymphoma, a cancer that starts in white blood cells called lymphocytes, is the most common blood cancer. Hodgkin lymphoma is one of two common types of lymphoma that considered to be one of the most curable forms of cancer. This research paper is going to introduce Hodgkin Lymphoma in several aspects in order to give an overview of the cancer. What is the type of the cancer? Hodgkin lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, which is part of human body’s immune system (Mayo ClinicRead MoreCancer : A Type Of Disease1203 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper: Cancer Cancer, is a type of disease that involves abnormal cell growth and has the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous, there is one type that is not cancerous; benign tumors (which do not spread to other parts of the body). Possible signs and symptoms include: a distinct lump, a lengthened cough, irregular bleeding, unexplained weight loss, a difference in bowel movements, and many others. While these symptoms may cause cancer, they mayRead MoreEssay On Being Cautious About Cancer758 Words   |  4 PagesBeing Cautious About Cancer An informative article by: Nelson Burke Introduction Disease is defined as a disordered or incorrectly functioning organ, part, structure, or system of the body resulting from the effect of genetic or developmental errors, infection, poisons, nutritional deficiency or imbalance, toxicity, or unfavorable environmental factors; illness; sickness; ailment. Simplified, disease is when something goes wrong with the body of an organism due to either a genetic, or externalRead More##ome-Wide Association Studies : The Human Genome Model For Disease786 Words   |  4 Pagesof patients suffering from a specific disease, to look for shared mutations within their genomes (Bush et al., 2012, p.1). These shared mutations are then investigated to assure their direct correlation with the disease, in which this mutation can be used to diagnose future patients by identifying the same mutation in their genome sequence (Bush et al, 2012, p. 3). Occasionally, it is identified that multiple mutations within the genome lead to the same disease (Bush et al., 2012, p.1). In cases whereRead MoreEssay about Prostate Cancer1002 Words   |  5 PagesProstate Cancer Eng 101 Andrell Nash Fortis College Abstract Prostate Cancer is a disease in which there is an uncontrolled growth of cells that lines the ducts of the prostate gland. The abnormal cells can spread throughout the prostate and nearby organs, such as the seminal vesicles. If not caught early they can spread (metastasized) to other organs of the body through the lymph or blood stream. (â€Å"...Treatment...† 13) Prostate Cancer can be like a silent killer. Some may show signs and symptomsRead MoreEssay about The Risk Factors of Breast Cancer1244 Words   |  5 PagesBreast cancer is the second leading cancer killer among women, after lung cancer (Breast Cancer , 2014). Cancer is a word that puts fear in many people, especially if they have family members who have either died or survived the disease. No one wants to hear that he or she has been diagnosed with any disease, especially cancer. Many women do not take breast cancer serious until they are diagnosed. Sadly, once diagnosed with this epidemic, a person’s life is altered forever. Breast cancer does not

The corresponding world consumption for oil during Free Essays

In 2004, the world production of oil was estimated at just over 29. 7 Bbl. The corresponding world consumption for oil during the same period was estimated at 29. We will write a custom essay sample on The corresponding world consumption for oil during or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6 Bbl of oil, leaving a surplus of just under 0. 1 Bbl at the end of the year. In the United States, one of largest consumer markets for oil and oil products, from the first week in September 2004 to the first week in September 2005, gasoline prices increased by a staggering $1. 22 per gallon to $3. 12 before dropping to $2. 25 on November 21, 2005. These figures are quite staggering considering that contracts for crude changed hands at 10 USD/barrel in 1999 (Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). With the emergence of China in the global market and its increasing demand for oil, it is projected that unless oil companies are able to increase the world production by investing investment in oil and natural-gas production oil prices could increase exponentially over the next ten (10) years. Since oil remains the main energy source in most countries, the demand for oil will remain constant despite the changes in the price of oil (Case, 1999). While theoretically it is expected that there will be a greater demand for oil if the price decreases, it is important to factor in the fact that more governments around the world are implementing energy saving policies as well as trying to reduce to dependence on oil as an energy source by developing alternative sources of energy (hybrid cars, solar power, hydroelectric power) (Simmons, 2005). Given the volatility of oil supply and prices coupled with the harmful effects that fossil fuels have on the environment, it is important to discuss the pros and cons of alternative sources of energy. The most popular and arguably most powerful source of energy today is the sun. Solar energy has been touted as the solution to the world’s energy problems. Being free and efficient, solar energy is a viable replacement for the energy that fossil fuels provide and as a primary source of energy it is renewable (Serra 2006). One drawback, however, is the fact that current technology to harness the sun’s rays is expensive and cannot be availed of by many, especially those in developing countries. On top of this, in order for enough solar energy to be a viable source of alternative energy there has to be an ample supply of it (Serra 2006). This means that a large area which is constantly sunny is the ideal place for the proper utilization of solar energy. There is a lot of promise in this field, however, and soon, as the technology for this improves, solar energy may indeed shed light on the energy problems of the world. Another form of alternative energy that is free and renewable is wind energy. In places that are particularly breezy and have no constant sunlight, harnessing wind energy is a very effective source of clean and renewable energy (Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). It has been shown in studies that when the wind is strong it can provide up to 20% of a country’s energy needs (Serra 2006). Aside from the energy that it can provide, it also promises clean and efficient energy as there are no harmful effluents that are produced and it does not require as much space as solar energy. One problem, however, is the fact that wind may not always be constant (Serra 2006). When the wind slows down to a certain speed it also can no longer be harnessed. This being said, life would certainly be a breeze if the world was able to improve the harnessing of wind energy. To water-down the need for fossil fuels, the world can also resort to hydroelectric energy. Using the natural flow of water and gravity, hydroelectric energy is one of the most widely used alternative energy sources in the world (Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). With the amount of energy that can be produced, hydroelectric energy produces no waste material and no pollution (Serra 2006). The downside to this form of energy, however, is the fact that the construction and maintenance for hydroelectric power dams is expensive. While there are developments in micro hydro technology, hydroelectric dams can also displace several communities, destroy forest resources and kill other fishes and aquatic life in the area (Serra 2006). This means that while hydroelectric power is certainly a very viable solution to the energy problems of the world there must be several things that should be sorted out and improved for it to be useful as the world’s main energy source. Another alternative energy source that is making waves is the energy that can be harnessed from tidal energy. Similar in function to hydroelectric energy, this type of energy uses turbines that harness the rise and fall of the tides. The natural flow of the oceans currents is harnessed in order to produce energy (Serra 2006). However, due to the peculiarity of the energy source, it cannot be located just anywhere. There are very few sites that are feasible for the location of tidal energy plants and it also poses a threat to local fishing and fisheries (Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). Also because tides only occur at certain times of the day it is not as efficient as the other energy types. One of the largest growing sources of alternative energy is biomass. Since this form of alternative energy has a two-fold advantage, reduction of waste and generation of energy, it seems to be the best solution to the world’s energy problems Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). Taking animal waste, agricultural crops, grains, wood, mill residues, forest, and aquatics, biomass plants ferment these wastes to generate gases that are then burned to create energy Bilgen and Kaygusuz 2004). The obvious downside to this, however, is that there are harmful effluents that are released. While it indeed captures the gases that are produced, it also releases energy from the burning. The Life in the lap of luxury is indeed a very convenient life but as it is it will be a lifestyle that will be nearly impossible to sustain. It is wonderful to take advantage of all of the technological advancements that are available today but one must always ask whether or not the tradeoff is worth, a moment of pleasure that could be disastrous for this generation and the next. References Serra, J. â€Å"Alternative Fuel Resource Development†, Clean and Green Fuels Fund, (2006). Bilgen, S. and K. Kaygusuz (2004), Renewable Energy for a Clean and Sustainable Future, Energy Sources 26, 1119. Jeff Tester and Ron DiPippo (2007-06-07). â€Å"The Future of Geothermal Energy† (PDF). US Department of Energy – Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. http://www1. eere. energy. gov/geothermal/pdfs/structure_outcome. pdf. Retrieved on 2008-04-16. How to cite The corresponding world consumption for oil during, Papers

Comparative Politics free essay sample

Government and Politics In the last chapter we saw that comparative politics is concerned with the study, analysis and explanations of significant regularities, similarities and differences in the working of political institutions, political processes and in political behaviour. It has also been mentioned that during the course of its history the comparative method has gone through various developments and changes both in the scope of its areas of study as well as approaches and tools used. Since Aristotle began the study of comparative politics, countless students have analysed the nature and quality of political regimes. They have looked at the way in which the functions of government are performed and relationships between rulers and ruled. They have also posed questions about the kind of rules that exist and actions that are taken. In recent years two major additions have been made in the study of comparative politics. One the students are also interested in the politics of the newer nation states in which an increasing part of the worlds population lives and try to include these states within the scope of generalisation about comparative politics. Second, students are not content merely with descriptions of political institutions and constitutional arrangements, more attention is now paid to non governmental and social organisations and to the political behaviour of individuals and groups. 1 In this context the student today has many approaches to choose from. At the same time the various approaches and techniques have different implications for the process of theory building. Broadly the approaches are categorised into two: Traditional and Modern. Traditional Approaches Among the Traditional Approaches we can include: a) The Historical Approach b) The Formal-legal Approach c) The Configurative Approach 16 d) The Problem Approach e) The Area Approach f)The Institutional Approach Of these approaches the most important and still considered relevant is the Institutional approach. However, for information sake we may make a mention of each of the above. The historical approach uses the knowledge of history and applies it to understand the political life. It is chronological and descriptive and seeks to explain linkages of political life with the changing situation. Thus on the basis of historical analysis new principles of political importance are developed. Aristotle, Montesgue, Hegal, Karl Marx, Henry Maine, Maclver, etc. , in one way or the other relied substantially on history in their analysis. The historical approach has various limitations. To begin with the events of various ages have been entered in history by different authors in different ways. Also, laws formulated in experiences of the past are not necessarily applicable to situations at present or in future which are different and are likely to change. It is only partly correct that history repeats itself. Identical situations might not recur. Political life in our own times has special characteristics, identity, features, problems and issues. There is also the danger that in our efforts to understand the historical context of political life and learn from it, we might be carried away by our own preferences and biases. Yet historical approach is important in the sense that the past serves as a window to the long process of evolution. Therefore inspite of its limitations it has not been complete discarded even now. The other traditional approaches in one way or the other one to an extent reflect or the other form of Institutional Approach, some times giving importance to legal aspects and some times to functional. The Institutional Approach The institutional approach is one of the oldest methods of analysing politics. Comparative politics for long has been dominated by this approach. In this approach the formal institutions of government like legislature, executive and judiciary provide the subject matter of comparison in terms of their constitution, powers, functions, role and mutual relations. Less official organisations, like pressure groups, are given little attention. Institutional comparison involves a relatively 17 detailed description of the institution under analysis followed by an attempt to clarify which details are similar or different. There are several ways of comparing political institutions. We can compare the institutions of a particular political system with each other at a given time. Different aspects of these institutions can also be compared. Painting on a broader canvas, we can compare the political institutions of one country with those of another, comparing them as sets or even systems of institutions. 2 It should come as no great surprise that the detailed examination of the institutional ramifications of government was characteristic of the early efforts of political scientists. The approach had utility because it both permitted the study of easily observable and recordable phenomenon and precluded the use of subjectively derived data. However, the style was descriptive rather than analytical. The constitutions and formal organisations of government were examined in legal and historical terms, while informal relationships were unstudied. Earlier, the institutional approach was also strongly culture-bound, confined largely to the study of governments in the USA and Europe. 3 Therefore, in Post-World War Second years it started being criticised. The main criticisms of traditional approaches including that of Institutional approach can be described as under: a) Essentially Non-Comparative In the traditional approaches the study of comparative government generally deals either with one country or with parallel descriptions of the institutions of a number of countries. The student is told of the constitutional foundations, the organisation of political power, and a description of ways in which such powers are exercised. In each case problem areas are discussed with reference to the countrys institutional structure. The interest of the student is concentrated primarily on an analysis of the structure of the state, the location of sovereignty, the electoral provisions and the distribution of electorate into political parties. These studies thus are generally studies of foreign governments, or parallel descriptions of institutions or constitutions not exactly the comparative studies. 18 b) Essentially Descriptive While description of the formal political institutions is vital for the understanding of the political process this does not lead to solution of problems through comparison. For instance the historical approach centres on the study of origins and growth of certain institutions. It is assumed that parallel historical accounts of the evolution of similar institutions will indicate similarities and differences. The approach followed is almost identical with that used by the historian. There is no effort to evolve an analytical scheme within which an antecedent factor is related in terms other than chronological to a particular event or development. In the legalistic approach the student is exposed primarily to the study of the powers of the various branches of government and legal prescriptions. This is almost exclusively the study of what can be done or what cannot be done by various governmental agencies with reference to legal and constitutional provisions. It does not seek the forces that shape the legal forms, nor does it attempt to establish the casual relationships that account for another or from one period to another. These approaches are not sensitive to non-political determinants of political behaviour and the informal bases of government institutions. Description without systematic orientation becomes an obstacle in the discovery of hypothesis regarding the uniformities in political behaviour and prevent formulation of theory about change, revolution, conditions of stability, etc. , on comparative basis. The description, thus, is without the use of any explicit conceptual framework.